I went to Edinburgh University in 1985. It was only
the second time I had been to the city. At
that time, it was only forty years since the end of the Second World War. It
seems extraordinary that it is almost forty years ago from now.
Many things have changed. Everyone smoked. Everyone went
to the pub. It was cheap. I was on a student grant supplemented by benefits in
the holidays and the occasional job, but if you were reasonably careful going
out wasn’t a problem. But what has changed most is the demographics of Scotland
and the attitudes.
Scottish nationalism barely existed in 1985. No one
talked about it. The idea that Scotland might become independent didn’t occur
to us.
There was casual racism, but no one had heard of the
concept of Islamophobia. We weren’t scared of the pleasant owners of corner
shops. We had no more fear or hatred of Islam than we had of Hinduism.
For the same reason antisemitism did not exist. The old-style
antisemitism that you come across in prewar novels had been destroyed by the
films of the Holocaust and by the understanding that such attitudes had
contributed to the deaths of 6 million Jews.
The continued battle between Israel and Palestine was
incredibly distant back then. We ignored the Troubles in Northern Ireland as
best we could, let alone the Middle East. No one went on marches about Palestine.
We wanted higher grants. I didn’t once see either a Palestinian or Israeli flag.
This was a conflict you read about in newspapers and books if at all.
For this reason, the Holocaust was not controversial.
It was something you knew about because of TV series like the World at War and various
other documentaries. I don’t remember it being taught in school. Everyone who
was educated knew at least the basics and accepted them.
There was an arts cinema in Edinburgh where you could
go in the afternoon for 50 pence. I was already a film fanatic and so I would
go very often.
It was completely uncontroversial that this cinema
would show Claude Lanzmann’s 9-hour documentary Shoah. I learned the Hebrew
word for the first time.
I watched Shoah not long ago. It is a completely
shattering experience. It’s entirely witness testimony. People filmed on camera
telling what they saw and what they did.
The Holocaust was not contested in 1985. It was politically neutral. It didn’t matter who you were or who you voted for. It didn’t matter what if anything you thought about Israel. It is this that has changed in the last forty years.
The conflict between Israel and Palestine is no longer far away, it is right here right now. It’s partly due to the Internet and social media, but the real difference is that the people who now go on marches did not exist in 1985. The Left was concerned with getting rid of Thatcher. Islamism was still to emerge.
The Middle East conflict from 1948 until 1985 had been
a largely secular battle. The PLO and the Arab states that fought against
Israel were motivated primarily by Arab nationalism rather than Islam.
The PLO’s form of terrorism was not at that time suicide
bombing. The terrorists wanted to survive. This is why they hijacked planes. They
didn’t talk about Jihad. If they took hostages, they didn’t chop their heads
off. They didn’t fly planes into buildings.
It was I think Iran that turned the Israeli Palestine struggle
and the wider fight with the West into one between Islam and Judaism and then
Islam and Christianity. It is this too that means where previously in Edinburgh
in 1985 there were no demonstrations, nor indeed in London now there are
hundreds of thousands many of whom are motivated by their religious beliefs.
It is this above all that has made the Holocaust
controversial and a political matter. Previously there were a tiny number of
extreme right wingers who denied the Holocaust because they were concerned that
the reputation of the Hitler and the Nazis would be damaged. It is for the same
reason that the Nazis themselves tried to hide the Holocaust from history. Now
we have a different form of Holocaust denial, but which is motivated also by
political reasons.
Palestinian nationalism contests the Holocaust by relativising
it. It quite deliberately uses the history of the Holocaust to exaggerate the
suffering of the Palestinians and to justify present day attacks on the Jews. Thus,
by comparing the Warsaw Ghetto to Gaza or the accidental deaths of civilians in
warfare to Auschwitz or indeed by describing the whole Israel Palestine
conflict as Jews committing genocide against Palestinians, the goal is to
minimise as far as possible the Holocaust. But this is precisely what a few
extremist Holocaust deniers have done because they support the Nazis.
Worse while attempting to minimise the Holocaust
Palestinian nationalists support an organisation Hamas that wishes to recreate
the Holocaust only this time with more efficiency and with more enjoyment. The
reason is that Palestinian nationalism is motivated now by Islamism and the
supposed Muslim duty to take back land that was once part of the Dar al-Islam
[house of Islam] and which is now ruled by Jews.
The Left in 1985 was still mainly interested in replacing
capitalism with socialism, but the embrace of critical race theory and its
hierarchy of victimhood, means that the Left is mainly interested now with
replacing Jews with Palestinians all the way from the River Jordan to the Mediterranean
Sea.
Here we have a new form of a Holocaust denial. It
depends on context. People are allowed to support genocide against Jews if it
is part of the righteous struggle of the Palestinians against oppressors and
colonisers. On this basis the Germans could have justified the Holocaust by
saying that the Jews colonised Eastern Europe in the Middle Ages when they were
kicked out of Paris in 1182, England in 1290 and Spain in 1492.
In 1985 Islamism barely existed and critical race
theory was not a part of mainstream education. Now they are both everywhere,
and the combination is literally explosive.
It is bad enough that a film like Shoah would today be
relativised and minimised. Why are you upset about Treblinka, something much
worse is happening in Gaza and it’s happening now? No what’s infinitely worse
is that instead of a few far-right extremists Holocaust denial has gone
mainstream to the extent that vast numbers in Britain support Hamas who think
that the only mistake the Nazis made was that they did not kill enough Jews and
who view it as their religious duty to finish the job.
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